Interpersonal Communication - 2332 Words

Abstract Interpersonal communication is a form of communication involving people who are dependent upon each other and with a common history. There are various aspects of interpersonal communication that can be discussed. This paper looks at the principles of interpersonal communication, its barriers and relationship with emotional intelligence. Four principles are identified, which are: interpersonal communication is inescapable; interpersonal communication is irreversible; interpersonal communication is complicated and interpersonal communication is contextual. The barriers that are discussed include: psychological barriers; cultural barriers; language barriers; environmental barriers; and physical barriers. Emotional intelligence has†¦show more content†¦The intention of the act is what is deciphered and not the act itself (West and Turner, 2007). Interpersonal communication is irreversible This principle is based on the fact that once something has been said it is not possible to take it back. The effect of something that has been said unavoidably remains. Regardless of the fact that the judge can instruct the jury to â€Å"disregard that last statement that the witness made† the legal representative is aware of the fact that it cannot help since it has already made an impression on the jury. There is a Russian proverb that says: â€Å"once a word goes out of your mouth you can never swallow it again† (Wood, 2007:134). Interpersonal communication is complicated With regard to this principle, there is no kind of communication that is simple. Due to the number of the variables that is involved in the process, even basic requests are very complicated. Scholars have argued that whenever a communication takes place, there are actually no less than six â€Å"people† that are involved: â€Å"1) who you think you are; 2) who you think the other person is; 30 who you think the other person thinks you are; 4) who the other person thinks /she is; 5) who the other person thinks you are; and 6) who the other person thinks you think s/he is.† It is not really the ideas that are exchanged, but the symbols that represent the ideas. This idea also makes communication complicated. Words or symbols in themselves do not haveShow MoreRelatedInterpersonal Communication753 Words   |  4 PagesTitle Student’s Name COM200: Interpersonal Communication Instructor’s Name Date (Sample March 19, 2014) Introduction- Thesis Statement * If you’re having difficulties writing a thesis, use the thesis generator in the Ashford Writing Center - https://awc.ashford.edu/writing-tools-thesis-generator.html. Remember, a thesis should make a claim – a definitive statement – about some issue. Here is an example: Effective communication is the most important factor in a successful relationshipRead MoreInterpersonal Communication Essay952 Words   |  4 PagesI. Introduction AND Thesis Statement Interpersonal communication is key to the life of a healthy relationship or marriage. Without communicating relationships and marriage will end failing. One of the biggest challenges with interpersonal communication lies in our ability to share our thoughts and concerns, conducted by feelings, desires, goals and needs, with another person 1) Explain the principles of and barriers to effective interpersonal communications. (You don’t have to list the objectivesRead MoreInterpersonal Communication And The Self1351 Words   |  6 PagesThroughout this semester in communications I have learned a lot about myself, how to deal with others, relationships, and more. There were some lessons that stood out to me the most, and that I thought about after class. The first was in chapter 3 about interpersonal communication and the self. During this chapter, we took a piece of paper and put four people that we knew down. We chose someone who we were just getting to know, and then others that we knew very well or that were very close to usRead MoreInterpersonal Communication1053 Words   |  5 PagesInterpersonal Communication Interpersonal communication is defined by Michael Cody as: the exchange of symbols used to achieve interpersonal goals(28). Does this definition include everything, or does it only include certain things?. When we are dealing with the issue of interpersonal communication we must realize that people view it differently. In this paper I will develop my own idea or definition of what interpersonal communication is. I will then proceed to identify any important assumptionsRead MoreInterpersonal Communication Elements2395 Words   |  10 PagesInterpersonal communication is cyclic in nature. The message I sent and then feedback is given to complete the communication cycle. As it is on going hence the relationship that is impersonal at the beginning turns into interpersonal where one person is at times the sender and at other times the receiver. A. Source [sender] – Receiver:  Interpersonal communication involves at least 2 individuals. Each person formulates and sends message [sender activity] and at the same time receives and comprehendsRead MoreInterpersonal Communication And The Workplace946 Words   |  4 PagesInterpersonal communication in the workplace is developed positively or negatively on the individual relationships we have combined with our human behaviors and human actions within each of those relationships. There are many things that can affect interpersonal communications within the workplace, from generational that create technological gaps, to diversity and tolerance it creates, and finally the type of workplace, is it a team environment encouraging inclusiveness within the organization orRead MoreInterpersonal Communication Skill Of Feedback983 Words   |  4 PagesThe interpersonal communication skill of feedback is essential for hospital nurses to give a suitable care to each patient because it enables the nurses to learn, and improve their motivation, performance and efficiency that assist to achieve their goal which is to help the patients heal. The interpersonal communication skill of feedback is a system of conveying information between two people regarding the receiver’s performance (Baker et al. 2013). In general, feedback is employed to deliver informationRead MoreInterpersonal Communication1292 Words   |  6 Pages | | | |Interpersonal Communication | | Read MoreThe Effects Of Interpersonal Competence On Interpersonal Communication1053 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Interpersonal competence is an aspect of communication that is rarely given attention despite being a crucial facet of human interaction. In fact, Beebe et al. argue that it is comparable to breathing for being do critical to human growth (2). According to Beebe et al., this aspect of communication is necessary to maintain relationships and to improve affairs between lovers (6-7). To enhance our competence in interpersonal communication, we need to learn and master ways of verbally relatingRead MoreCommunication : Understanding Interpersonal Communication1554 Words   |  7 PagesI. Introduction AND Thesis Statement Communication is the number one key in a relationship, especially when you re talking about marriage. I would like to take this moment to say congratulation on your recent marriage. I want to tell you that communication helps build a healthy personal foundation by implementing small talk in helping resolve conflicts through growth and helps reduce any barriers that prevent you from having a happy, successful marriage. Remember that no one is perfect at communicating

Analysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby

Biography On June 25, 1903, George Orwell, originally named Eric Arthur Blair, was born. Born in Motihari, India, but moved to England with his mother, Ida and sister, Marjorie when he was one-year-old. Richard, his father was a British Civil Servant who stayed in India because he was stationed there. Growing up, Orwell did not see his father much until he retired in 1912. (Biography.com) When he was five years old, Orwell attended a parish school in Henley. A few years later, he received a partial scholarship to attend St. Cyprain, a boarding school in Sussex, allowing his parents to afford his education. Later in his life, after finishing school at St. Cyprain, he received two scholarships; one to Eton, and one to Winchester†¦show more content†¦After releasing his second book, Burmese Days, his first novel, he married Eileen O’Shaughnessy and joined the fight against General Francisco Franco in the Spanish Civil war (Georgeorwell.org). During his service, he was shot in the neck, and found it extremely hard to speak. Over the years the writer became very sick. Even during this difficult time, he was still faced with more agony. His wife passed away in 1945, leaving him alone. During this time, he published the first of his two most famous books: Animal Farm. This novel was purely anti-Soviet, and fictionalized Stalin and Trotsky as two pigs on a farm. His second and final book was 1984, which he published in 1949. One of his former professors at Eton, Adieus Huxley, stated in a letter to Orwell â€Å"Agreeing with all that the critics have written of it, I need not tell you, yet once more, how fine and how profoundly important the book is.† (Huxley) The two books were great successes, but Orwell had little time left to celebrate. He died a year after the release of 1984, on January 21, 1950. (Britannica.com) Theme An important theme in the book 1984, written by George Orwell, is power. In fact, most of the story is about seizing or gaining power. The government and Big Brother both want absolute power over everything. This includes people’s words, their actions, even their thoughts. Also, during the story, a war over power is currently going on. Three Analysis Of George Orwell s The Great Gatsby 1. There are an innumerable number of examples that indicate the setting of the story is in England of 1843. For instance, Scrooge suggests to his nephew that he should work in Parliament because of his aggressive speaking skills; the Parliament was the English government and the first legislative council elected during this date. Also, Saint Paul’s Churchyard is mentioned in reference to Hamlet’s father, which is located in England. Finally, Scrooge questions two poor men by asking if â€Å"The Treadmill and the Poor Law is in full vigor†. These were laws that were enacted in England and resulted in the incarceration of people unable to pay their bills. 2. The first character introduces is Old Marley, who was Scrooge’s business partner and†¦show more content†¦In addition, Scrooge is indirectly characterized as poverty-stricken and penniless, as he feels it is â€Å"not fair†¦ to pay a day’s wages for no work†. This shows that Scrooge is ungrateful for the things he have, which is wealth, and acts very pitiful although he is financially stable. This foreshadows the three spirits’ ghost because they want Scrooge to realize that Christmas is a time for Scrooge to share his wealth with everyone and not be selfish. 4. Marley was a business partner and friend of Scrooge. In relation to Marley’s will, Scrooge was the clergyman, the clerk, the undertaker, and the chief mourner. In relation to business, Scrooge was Marley’s sole executor, his sole administrator, his sole assign, his sole residuary legatee, his sole friend, and sole mourner.† 5. I believe Marley’s purpose in the story is warn Scrooge against his selfish ways before he die or he will be doomed, therefore he serves as a wakeup call. If Marley was not in the story, the ending would be similar to the beginning, in that Scrooge would continue to be misanthropic and not care about Christmas. Whereas now that Marley has gave Scrooge a warning the ending will be different in that Scrooge will attempt to change his ways, meaning being more charitable and receiving he Christmas spirit so that he won’t end up like Marley. 6. List several ways in which Scrooge and Marley are alike and different Marley Both Scrooge

Energy Law and Policy for Key Obstacles- myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theEnergy Law and Policy for Key Obstacles. Answer: The European Unions (EU) diplomacy is focused upon the safeguarding of energy and of its diversification. However, with regards to the energy diplomacy, certain key obstacles are faced by the EU. Some of these have been covered here. The first and foremost is that there is a lack of swift decision making or the ability of negotiation of the single government when it comes to EU as it is a union where a number of Member States are included[1]. In the last decade, there has been a solidarity in the EU energy policy, which has taken more significance due to the critical challenges faced by EU, particularly with the Russian gas cuts to the Central and the Eastern member states, a new urgency of combating with the climate change, along with developing new renewable sources, and lastly, due to the low integration of the energy markets across the borders[2]. The energy diplomacy cannot treat the energy security in isolation particularly for the broader foreign policy challenges. This is particularly in context of the tensions which are spread across the fossil fuel producing nations, particularly as these are increasing, which shows that even the maintenance of the preset energy supplies is a major challenge[3]. The key priorities of the EU are over the diversification of the routes, the sources and the suppliers; the nuclear safety; the energy dialogues and partnership; and also the energy architecture and the multilateral initiatives[4]. The majority of Member States rely upon the oil and gas and the acute shortage of the alternative energy sources in their domestic market is a case of concern. Even though some nations are self-sufficient, the majority are not. And this poses another challenge before the EU, for fulfilling the needs of the member states[5]. Bibliography Secondary Sources Websites and blogs Bergamaschi L, Europes thorny Energy Diplomacy (6 August 2015) https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/opinion/europe-s-thorny-energy-diplomacy/ accessed 13 October 2017 Build up, Council conclusions on Energy Diplomacy (21 July 2015) https://www.buildup.eu/en/practices/publications/council-conclusions-energy-diplomacy accessed 13 October 2017 Dixi Group, Energy Diplomacy: International Models for Ukraine (2016) https://dixigroup.org/storage/files/2016-09-15/web_energy_diplomacy_dixi_2016_en-1.pdf accessed 13 October 2017 Lavrina A, EU Common Energy Policy and the main obstacles for its efficient implementation (22 September 2016) https://thepoliticon.net/analytics/280-eu-common-energy-policy-and-the-main-obstacles-for-its-efficient-implementation.html accessed 13 October 2017 Minas S, Mep MD, and Wallstrm M, The Future of EU Climate Change Technology and Sustainable Energy Diplomacy (October 2016) https://ssrn.com/abstract=2859796 accessed 13 October 2017

You#39d Prefer An Astronaut free essay sample

Hum-Youd Prefer an AstronautMany rock bands released short-lived masterpieces in the ?s. One album I have always enjoyed and believe should have gone gold is, Youd Prefer an Astronaut, by Hum. It had the hit song Stars but only sold around 200,000 copies.Hums sound has fallen into the spacerock category even though the members thought it was a mistake. Astronaut was their debut album on the major record label RCA. The company signed Hum for their rock style. They were not just another alternative band hoping to get on the mainstream bandwagon. They wanted to give the world a taste of their influences all mixed together.In the nine songs, the guitars are loud and heavy. When not noisy, they are soft, sad and moving, as in The Very Old Man and Songs of Farewell and Departure. Overall, the songs are melodic as they take you to another world with Why I Like the Robins and Id Like Your Hair Long. We will write a custom essay sample on You#39d Prefer An Astronaut or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Their guitars are under the influence of flanger, phaser, and distortion pedals and together they make the most beautiful noise. The sci-fi lyrics are meaningless and there are no hidden messages in the artwork of the cover (a zebra with a plain green background).I recommend this record to anyone who likes to hear new and interesting sounds. The songs get you going and none sound alike. Even though this album came out in ?, its always good to flash back and listen to how much rock has branched out and mixed with other categories of music. .

Presidential Pets of the Past

Presidential Pets of the Past Animal lovers savour that moment when a pet runs up to greet them at the end of the stressful day. Few jobs are probably more stressful than the U.S. presidents position. Thats why it is no surprising that presidents and their families have always been fond of animals. Dogs seem to be first in line, but creatures from mice to alligators have also been presidential pets in the White House. List of Presidential Pets George W. Bush President George W. Bush carries Barney to the South Portico of the White House Monday, Sept. 3, 2001, after disembarking Marine One. Photo by Tina Hager, Courtesy of the George W. Bush Presidential Library â€Å"Barney was by my side during our eight years in the White House. He never discussed politics and was always a faithful friend.† President Bush remembered his little friend with these words when he died of lymphoma in 2013 at the age of 12. Barney, a Scottish terrier, was a gift to George W. Bush after the 2000 presidential election. He was always polite and liked to greet prime ministers, queens and heads of state in the White House. Barney was even a media star, he had his own website where his fans could watch videos from the dogs perspective about visiting celebrities and White House staff. â€Å"Barney and I enjoyed the outdoors,† Bush said. â€Å"His favourite activity was chasing golf balls.† However, Barney could also lose his temper. Once he bit the Reuters news reporter and the Bostons Celtics public relations director. Among other presidential pets were a Scottish terrier Miss Beazley, an English springler spaniel Spot, a cat India, and a longhorn cow Ofelia. Bill Clinton Socks, a black-and-white stray cat, became a presidential pet in 1991 when he jumped into the arms of Chelsea Clinton. Once the Clinton family took the cat, he took place in the Americas heart. He was a subject of a popular TV comedy, Murphy Brown, a cartoon book and a song, he appeared with the President on a series of stamps in the Central African Republic. Socks was so popular, that a Clinton family even asked the photographers to leave this poor cat. In 1997 a Labrador retriever Buddy joined the presidential family but Socks wasnt a fan of a new dog. Hillary Clinton said that Socks â€Å"despised Buddy from first sight, instantly and forever.† When Socks died in 2009, Bill Clinton admitted: â€Å"Socks brought much happiness to Chelsea and us over the years, and enjoyment to kids and cat lovers everywhere. We’re grateful for those memories† George H.W. Bush Millie is among the most notable pets in the White House. The English springer spaniel â€Å"wrote† Millies Book: As Dictated to Barbara Bush that describes a day in her life at the White House. In 1992 it was at the top of the New York Times bestseller list. Millie was depicted in several TV shows, including Whos the Boss and Murphy Brown. She even appeared in the episode of The Simpsons. The 15-acre Millie Bush Bark Park on the west side of Houston is named after her. Millie took active part in re-election. â€Å"My dog Millie knows more about foreign affairs than these two bozos,† Bush claimed, mentioning his opponents Al Gore and Bill Clinton. Millie was even a mother of two other presidential pets: Ranger and Spot. She died at the age 12 of pneumonia. Ronald Reagan    Lucky, a large black dog, was said to â€Å"to be a size of a pony. † And not for reason. His breed Bouvier des Flandres originated in Belgium for the purposes of pulling carts and herding kettle. Bouviers are known as fearless dogs useful as both family friends and guard dogs. They require a lot of room to exercise and wander about, and the Reagans soon found that out. Lucky was named in the honour of Mrs. Reagans mother, Edith Luckett (â€Å"Lucky†) Davis. A small â€Å"ball of fluff,† a nine-year-old puppy, turned into a large dog just in several months. Lucky enjoyed running in the halls of the White House. However, despite the efforts at training, she didnt really adjust to live there. Thats why the president and his family decided to send her to their ranch in California in 1985. She died at the age of 10 in January 5, 1995. Ronald Reagan had a few other dogs: Rex, Cavalier King Charles spaniel; Victory, golden retriever; Peggy, Irish setter; Taca, Siberian husky; and Fuzzy, Belgian sheepdog. Jimmy Carter When Jimmy Carter and his family moved into the White House, they didnt take no pets along. Grits arrived at the White House on June 8, 1977. The dog was named in honour of the Carters family Southern roots. A handsome border collie mix was a present to Carters daughter Amy from her school teacher, Verona Meeder. Visitors admitted that Amy â€Å"sure loves that dog.† She enjoyed petting Grits on the steps of the White House. However, the Carters decided to return the dog to the Amys teacher. Some sources report that one of the reasons was that a dog had behaviour problems. Moreover, Grits didnt get along with the Carters cat, Misty Malarky Ying Yang. But it also may be because Amys teacher lost her own dog, and the girl wanted to ease the sadness. Gerald Ford The Fords have always been fond of dogs. Long before they moved to White House, they had golden retrievers. Their daughter, Susan, asked their family friend – a photographer David Kennerly to help them get a new dog. Kennerly contacted a breeder about a puppy. Susan surprised her father with a cute dog she called Liberty. Liberty became famous when Gerald Ford and his wife decided to breed her with a golden retriever. The press became crazy when Liberty gave birth to nine cute puppies. Mrs. Ford didnt let them to be photographed before they were 2 months old. The photos were made by Kennerly and was in high demand as well as puppies themselves. Liberty died at the age 11 in 1986. The Fords also had a Siamese cat Shan and a dog Lucky.    Richard Nixon Checkers is probably the most famous candidate in the list of presidential pets. Nixons cocker spaniel never lived in the White House, but he became a celebrity when Sinator Nixon mentioned him in his speech in 1952. It became to be known as the Checkers speech when the politician for the first time used TV to appeal to the voters. Nixon loved Checkers a lot. He always had dogs biscuits in his desk and enjoyed watching him to play. The cocker spaniel lived with Nixon until he died in 1964 at the age of 13, four years before Nixon was elected a president. Three other dogs lived with Nixon in the White House: poodle Vicky, terrier Pasha and Irish setter King Timahoe.    Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon B. Johnson loved dogs and they loved him a lot. The presidents beagles, Him and Her, became celebrities when the Life magazine published a photo portraying how Johnson was peaking up the dogs ears. Hundreds of calls and letters came from the dog lovers. They wrote â€Å"If someone picked you up by the ears, you’d yelp, too.† However, dogs seemed to like that a lot. They were treated very well and enjoyed swimming in the White House pool and riding along in the presidents car. Sadly, both Him and Her died at a young age. Him was hit by a car when he was chasing the squirrels in 1966, and Her died after swallowing a stone in 1964. After Him and Her died, Lyndon B. Johnson had two other dogs – collie Blanco and a mixed-breed dog Yuki. John F. Kennedy Charlie was a Welsh terrier the Kennedy family brought with them when they moved into the White House. Kennedy loved animals despite his allergy to animal hair and wanted his children to have experience of taking care of them. Jackie Kennedy gave Charlie to her husband as a gift during Kennedys campaign for president and he became a part of their family. However, John F. Kennedy didnt like one Charlies habit: He loved nothing more than to fetch a stick. He always brought the stick and drop it on the lap. The First Couple enjoyed walking outside the gates of the White House and playing with Charlie. They resembled two students taking a dog for a walk. They looked so happy,† told their son Bryant. Among other Kennedys pets were ponnies, hamsters, a cat, a rabbit, a horse, a canary, and seven dogs of different breeds. Dwight D. Eisenhower Heidi is probably the only dog banned from the White House. A beautiful female Weimaraner was born on the 9th of May, 1955. She had an accident on the expensive rug in the diplomatic reception room. Its cost was about $20,000 at that time. Because of the Heidis weak bladder, the Eisenhowers decided to send her to their farm in Pennsylvania. Heidi was protective of her owners. She was wary of photographers and always tried to prevent the First Lady from having her picture taken. Heidi just jumped between the Mamie Eisenhower and the camera. Weimaraners are great family dogs, known for their hunting abilities and loyalty. Heidi liked to sleep in the basket on the third floor and run in the White House. During the day, she napped in the presidents private office where Eisenhower gave her head scratches. After she left Washington she had four puppies and enjoyed life on the farm.

Unethical police operations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Unethical police operations - Essay Example However, there are cases of police corruption and brutality in the United States. One of the most current cases of police brutality in the United States is the case of Michael Brown. The fatal shooting of Michael Brown by Officer Darren Wilson in Ferguson, Missouri showed the seriousness of police brutality in the US. This incident started when a call was made about stealing in progress at a market. The dispatch call indicated a black male suspect wearing a white T-shirt accompanied with another man. They were suspected to have stolen cigars. After 12.00pm, Wilson indicated that he was with the two suspects on Canfield and asked for backup. According to Dorian Johnson, the lawyer representing Brown’s friend, Wilson stopped the two suspects because of walking in the middle of the street. However, the two told the officer that they had almost reached their destination and therefore, will not be in the street after a short while, but Wilson grabbed Brown by his neck and eventuall y shot him. Wilson on the other hand, provided a different version. He indicated that Brown attacked him, prompting him to shoot. He also indicated that before firing at Brown, they struggled over the gun. The main question raised in this case is whether the shooting of unarmed college student was reasonable force or an illegal act. The grand jury in this case decided not to indict Wilson. I do not agree with the outcome of the case because it is a bad precedent in the police department. This is evident because it is not the first case of police killing unarmed Americans to be reported in the US as seen in the case of Eric Garner and Anthony Baez in New York (Baez, 2014). This decision also shows that our police system lacks accountability and inadequate disciplinary systems that discourage these incidences from happening. These policemen need to be stripped off their jobs, badges, pension, and gun for violating the public trust. Cases of

Impact of school funding on student achievement Essay

Impact of school funding on student achievement - Essay Example In fact, more than $66 billion is said to have been invested in school technology (QED, 2004). This unprecedented level of investment in educational technology has raised expectations of legislators and the public who have been looking for returns on this investment (Benton, 2002; CEO Forum, 1999, 2000), and therefore are calling for evidence regarding the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of technology especially in K-12 schools (Ringstaff & Kelley, 2002; Panel on Educational Technology, 1997; Melmed, 1995). No child left behind (NCLB) requires states to demonstrate that "every student is technologically literate by the time the student finishes the eighth grade, regardless of the student's race, ethnicity, gender, family income, geographic location, or disability" (U.S. Department of Education, 2001). While NCLB has established an eighth-grade technology literacy requirement, the requirement is not a full statement of knowledge and skills students need nor does it include a mechanism for ensuring accountability (Kay & Honey, in press). Educational funding has been found to be associated with student achievement (Lance (2001), Miller (2002), Siminitus (2002), and Whitington (2002). Generally, that would mean more funding may be able to enhance student achievement. The RAND study findings (Grissmer, et al. 2000) found that when other characteristics, like socio-economic status and family background, are equal, NAEP test scores are higher in states that have: 1) higher per-pupil expenditures, 2) lower pupil-teacher ratio in lower grades, 3) higher percentage of teachers who feel they have adequate resources for teaching, 4) more children in public pre-kindergarten programs, and 5) lower teacher turnover. In the Burke County, North Carolina Research (Pritchard 2000), the Burke County schools in 1995-96 reduced class sizes in first- and second-grade to 15 students per teacher. The study found: 1) increased achievement in both reading and math, and 2) More teacher time devoted to instruction due to fewer discipline problems. The Ohio Education Association in a member survey stated that new educational policies have done more harm than good, while Ohio political leaders have continued to neglect severe funding problems of Ohio public schools (Ohio Education News). The highlights of the 4000 Member Survey include - Only 5% of respondents feel Ohio's school funding system gives every school district equal resources for a quality education for all students. Eighty-seven percent indicated Ohio's system of funding education is fundamentally flawed. Two-thirds feel that their school districts are under-funded, and 93% feel that Ohio schools overall are under-funded. Eighty-nine percent feel the state legislature has failed to solve the state's education funding crisis. Between 85% and 95% of those surveyed feel initiatives like No Child Left Behind, tuition vouchers, and some aspects of high-stakes testing have done more harm than good. Two of other popular researches include the Tennessee STAR Project (Prichard 2000a) which tested the effect of class size on student achievement, where smaller classes outperformed regular classes, and HEROS (Health and Education Research Operative Services) Research (Prichard